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The Martin County coal slurry spill was an accident that occurred after midnight on October 11, 2000 when the bottom of a coal slurry impoundment owned by Massey Energy in Martin County, Kentucky, USA, broke into an abandoned underground mine below. The slurry came out of the mine openings, sending an estimated of slurry down two tributaries of the Tug Fork River. By morning, Wolf Creek was oozing with the black waste; on Coldwater Fork, a wide stream became a expanse of thick slurry. The spill was over five feet deep in places and covered nearby residents' yards. The spill polluted hundreds of miles (300 – 500 km) of the Big Sandy River and its tributaries and the Ohio River. The water supply for over 27,000 residents was contaminated, and all aquatic life in Coldwater Fork and Wolf Creek was killed. The spill was 30 times larger than the Exxon Valdez oil spill () and one of the worst environmental disasters ever in the southeastern United States, according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency.〔(Sludge: a documentary by Robert Salyer ) Retrieved 2014-06-06.〕 The spill was exceeded in volume by the Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill in 2008. U.S. Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao, wife of Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.), oversaw the Mine Safety and Health Administration at the time. In 2002, a $5,600 fine was levied. Massey Energy spent $46 million in cleanup efforts and an additional $3 million in local fines and reported that "some citizens say the creek is cleaner now than before the spill." In 2005 Appalshop filmmaker Robert Salyer released a documentary entitled ''Sludge'', chronicling the continuing story of the Martin County disaster, the resulting federal investigation, and the looming threat of coal slurry ponds throughout the coalfield region. In the wake of the Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill, Appalshop provided a web stream of ''Sludge'' for a limited time.〔http://appalshop.org/sludge/〕 ==See also== *Buffalo Creek Flood *Mountaintop removal mining 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin County coal slurry spill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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